Books and Book-Length Chapters in Co-Authored Books

  1. Documentary Letters of Credit - A Comparative Study (revised D. Phil. thesis, comparing English, American, French and German law); University of Singapore Press, 1970, li + 389 pp.

  2. “Bills of Exchange and Banking” being Chapter 3 of Vol. 2 of Chitty on Contracts; London, Sweet and Maxwell: 23rd ed., 1968, pp. 162 - 242; 24th ed., 1977, p. 135 - 278; 25th ed., 1983, pp. 2451 - 2588; 26th ed., 1989, pp. 179 - 390; 27th ed, 1994, [Chap. 33], pp. 173 – 391, 27th ed. 1999, [Chap. 33], pp. 170 – 379; 28th ed., 1999, [Chap. 34], pp. 169-376 (plus 3rd Supp.); 29th ed. 2004 [Chap 34; with Prof. R.H.A. Hooley], pp. 253 – 497.

  3. Chapters on the Financing of Sales by Banking Devices in Benjamin’s Sale of Goods; London, Sweet and Maxwell: 1974 ed., Chaps 22 - 25, pp. 968 - 1155; 2nd ed., 1981, Chaps 22 - 24 [chapter on exchange control having become redundant], pp. 1077 - 1262; 3rd ed., 1987, Chaps 22 - 24, pp. 1371 - 1516; 4th ed., 1992, Chaps 22 - 24, pp. 1375 - 1619; 5th ed. 1997, Chaps 22 - 24, pp. 1569 – 1837; 6th ed. 2002, Chaps. 22 – 23, pp. 1549 – 1766; 7th ed. 2006, Chaps 22-23, pp. 1851 – 2090.

  4. Modern Banking Law; OUP at the Clarendon Press, 1987; 1xv + 616 pp. (2nd impression 1989); 2nd ed. 1994; lxxvii + 756 (with Professor Eva Lomnicka of King’s College London); 3rd ed. 2002, 1xxiv + 839 (with Professor Eva Lomnicka and Richard Hooley); 4th ed. (renamed “Ellinger on Modern Banking Law”) 2005; 5th ed. (with Professors Eva Lomnicka and C.V.M. Hare 2011).

  5. Negotiable Instruments; being chapter 4 in Vol. IX of the Encyclopaedia of Comparative Law, published by the Max-Planck Institute of Comparative Law in Hamburg; 2000; 192 pp.

  6. General Editor, Halsbury’s Laws of Singapore; Vol. 12: Banking & Finance; Lexis Nexis (Butterworths); 2003; Lxxxv + 576 (pp.)

  7. The Law and Practice of Documentary Letters of Credit (with Dora Neo); Hart Publishing Oxford 2010.

Shorter Chapters and Articles in Books

  1. Chap 12 - “Banking” (New Zealand Section) in Halsbury’s Laws of England; Australia and New Zealand Commentary; 4th ed., 1976; pp. 1 - 38.

  2. Chap 3 on “Banking Law and Practice” in Annual Survey of Law; Melbourne, 1979, pp. 45 - 75.

  3. Chap 17 on “Banking Law and Practice” in Annual Survey of Law; Melbourne, 1980, pp. 462 - 491.

  4. “Letters of Credit” in Transnational Law of International Commercial Transactions; (Horn & Schmitthoff, Eds.); Bielefeld, Vol. 2, 1982, pp. 242 - 273.

  5. Chap 17 on “Banking Law and Practice” in Annual Survey of Law; Melbourne, 1982, pp. 281 - 305.

  6. “Documentary Credits and Fraudulent Transactions” in Current Problems of International Trade Financing; Singapore International Business Law Series, Vol. 1, 1983, pp. 185 - 234 (revised for 2nd ed., 1990, pp. 139 - 187).

  7. “Aspekte des Antitrust Law in Australien,” in Internationales Privatrecht und Wirtschaft; Bonn, Humboldt Foundation Symposium, 1984, pp. 210 - 227.

  8. “Electronic Fund Transfers in an Immediate Payment System”, in Electronic Banking - the Legal Implications (Ed., Goode); London, Institute of Bankers, 1985, pp. 29 - 44.

  9. “Some Defences for Wrongful Payments by Banks,” in Butterworth’s Banking & Financial Law Review 1987; London, 1987, pp. 39 - 60.

  10. “Extraterritorial Aspects of Banking and Corporate Financial Operations,” in Current Developments in International Banking and Corporate Finance; Singapore International Business Law Series; Vol. 4, 1988, pp. 231 - 237.

  11. “Law of Letters of Credit”, in Law of International Trade Finance (Horn Ed.); Deventer 1989, pp. 203 - 226.

  12. “Banking and Securities” in Review of Judicial and Legal Reform in Singapore between 1990 and 1995; Singapore 1996; pp. 403 - 446.

  13. “Modern Trends in Banking Law” in Contemporary Issues in Commercial Law (Liber Amicorum Professor A.G. Guest), London 1997, pp. 39 - 61.

  14. “The Doctrine of Strict Compliance: its Development and Current Construction” in Lex Mercatoria (Festschrift in Honour of Francis Reynolds), London 2000, Chap. 10, pp. 187-199 (re-printed in Annual Survey of Letter of Credit Law and Practice (N.Y. 2001), pp. 64-72.

  1. “Does an Irrevocable Credit Constitute Absolute Payment - Saffron v. Sociètè Minieré Cafrika,” (1961) 24 Modern Law Review 530 - 533.

  2. “The Autonomy of Letters of Credit”, (1962) 4 Malaya Law Review 307 - 311.

  3. “Privity of Contract under Section 56(1) of the Law of Property Act 1925”, (1963) 26 Modern Law Review 24 - 53.

  4. “Protection of Collecting Banker - Orbit Mining and Trading Co v. Westminster Bank Ltd., (1963) 5 Malaya Law Review 174 - 177.

  5. “Protection of Discounting Banker - Reduction of Overdraft”, (1963) 5 Malaya Law Review 178 - 179.

  6. “Irregular Indorsements”, (1963) 5 Malaya Law Review 406 - 407.

  7. “Letter of Credit: Buyer’s Action against Confirming Banker - Dulien Steel Products Inc v Bankers’ Trust Co.”, (1963) 26 Modern Law Review 713 - 718.

  8. “Strict Compliance with Terms of a Documentary Credit - Overseas Union Bank Ltd. v Chua Teng Hwee”, (1964) 6 Malaya Law Review 417 - 424.

  9. “The Tender of Fraudulent Documents under Documentary Letters of Credit”, (1965) 7 Malaya Law Review 24 - 53.

  10. “The Relationship between Buyer and Banker under Documentary Letters of Credit,” (1965) 7 University of Western Australia Law Review 40 - 70 (later published as chapter of my first book).

  11. “Buyer’s Remedies when Seller does not have Right to Sell Goods”, (1968) 5 Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 279 - 308.

  12. “The Hire Purchase and Credit Sales Stabilisation Regulations”, (1969) 4 New Zealand Universities Law Review 279 - 308.

  13. “Travellers’ Cheques and the Law”, (1969) 19 University of Toronto Law Journal 132 - 156.

  14. “Payment and Collection of Cheques”, (1970) 9 University of Western Australia Law Review 101 - 145.

  15. “Transitory Finance” (with A.H. Angelo), (1973) 4 Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce (US) 543 - 576.

  16. “Chattels Securities in New Zealand 1843 - 1887” (with L McKay) (1974) 3 Otago Law Review 153 - 180.

  17. “New Zealand Newsletter” in Australian Business Law Review (with D.W. McLauchlan); contributed regularly during 1973 - 1977.

  18. “Does an Irrevocable Credit Constitute Payment - Maran Road Saw Mill v. Austin Taylor & Co.”, (1977) 40 Modern Law Review 91 - 96.

  19. “Securitibank’s Collapse and the Commercial Bills Market of New Zealand,” (1978) 20 Malaya Law Review 84 - 110.

  20. “Standby and Performance Credits”, (1978) 6 International Business Lawyer 604 - 640.

  21. “Legal Research - Techniques and Ideas” (with K J Keith), (1979) 10 Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 1 - 18.

  22. “Problems of Standby Credits in Australia”, (1979) 11 Commercial Law Association’s Bulletin 99 - 106.

  23. “Unconscionable Contracts - A Comparative Study” (with A H Angelo), (1979) 4 Otago Law Review 300 - 339.

  24. “International Negotiable Instruments” (comment), [1979] Papers of the Sixth International Trade Seminar - Canberra 99 - 110.

  25. “Multicurrency Clauses in International Contracts” (with M.D.H. Smith), [1980] Papers of the Seventh International Trade Law Seminar - Canberra 327 - 351.

  26. “Overdrafts and Acceptance Credits in Malaysian Banking Practice”, (1980) 1 Law Asia 173 - 176.

  27. “Fraud in Documentary Credit Transactions”, [1981] Journal of Business Law 258 - 270.

  28. “Aspects of International Trade Financing in Singapore”, (1982) 1 International Banking Law 21 - 22.

  29. “Assignment and Presentation of Documents in Commercial Credit Transactions” (with R. Eberth), (1982) 24 Arizona Law Review 1201 - 1223 (special issue: a Letter of Credit Symposium).

  30. “Liability of Paying Bank in respect of Cheques Altered without Authority”, (1982) 1 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 459 - 465.

  31. “Tender of Documents by Assignee of Letter of Credit” (with R. Eberth), (1983) 1 International Banking Law 107 - 108.

  32. “Deferred Payment Credits” (with R. Eberth), (1983) 14 Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce (US) 387 - 416.

  33. “The Fraud Rule after United City Merchants v. Royal Bank of Canada”, (1983) 11 Australian Business Law Review 118 - 131.

  34. “Attaching Amounts due under Letters of Credit in France” (with R. Eberth), (1983) 1 International Banking Law 113 - 115.

  35. “Documentary Credits : Measure of Damages for Bank’s Wrongful Dishonour of Letter of Credit” (with R. Eberth), (1983) 2 International Banking Law 14 - 16.

  36. “Documentary Credits - Deferred Payments and the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits” (with R. Eberth), (1983) 2 International Banking Law 50 - 51.

  37. “The Liggett Doctrine - A Banker’s Last Resort” (with C. Y. Lee), (1984) 3 Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 459 - 476.

  38. “The Uniform Customs - their Nature and the 1983 Revision”, (1984) 4 Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 578 - 606.

  39. “Banker’s Liability for Paying Fraudulently Issued Cheques”, (1984) 5 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 293 - 300.

  40. “The MacMillan Doctrine Reviewed in Hong Kong”, (1984) 4 Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 559 - 562 (based on same case as publication no. 39).

  41. “Discount of Letter of Credit”, [1984] Journal of Business Law (UK) 454 - 469.

  42. “Jurisdiction in Letter of Credit Cases”, [1984] Journal of Business Law (UK) 495 - 497.

  43. “Performance Bonds - Ambit of Fraud Rule Widened”, [1985] Journal of Business Law (UK) 232 - 234.

  44. “Reasonable Time in the Examination of Documents”, [1985] Journal of Business Law (UK) 406 - 408.

  45. “Extraterritorial Aspects of Bank Secrecy”, [1985] Journal of Business Law (UK) 439 - 446.

  46. “Transfer of Documentary Credit”, [1986] Journal of Business Law (UK) 309 - 311.

  47. “The Giro System and Electronic Transfers of Funds” [1986] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 178 - 217.

  48. “The Drawer’s Right of Subrogation Revisited”, [1986] Journal of Business Law (UK) 399 - 404.

  49. “Performance Bonds, First Demand Guarantees and Standby Letters of Credit - A Comparison”, [1987] 2 Letters of Credit Report (US) 1 - 14.

  50. “Bank’s Actual or Constructive Notice of Dishonest Dealings”, [1987] Journal of Business Law (UK) 476 - 480.

  51. “Bank Secrecy under the Banking Act of Singapore”, (1987) 3 Banking and Financial Law Review (Canada) 385 - 395.

  52. “EEC Bank Secrecy Provisions - Hillegom Municipality v. Hillenius”, [1987] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 251 - 255.

  53. “Reflections on Recent Developments Concerning the Relationship of Banker and Customer” (1988) 14 Canadian Business Law Journal 129 - 170.

  54. “New Problems of Strict Compliance in Letters of Credit” [1988] Journal of Business Law (UK) 320 - 322.

  55. “Use of NCDs as Security” [1989] Journal of Business Law (UK) 64 - 67.

  56. “New Cases on the Bank as Constructive Trustee” [1989] Journal of Business Law (UK) 255 - 259.

  57. “Banks and Extra-Territorial Orders” [1989] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 363 -370.

  58. “Bankers’ Liability for Advice Respecting Currency Transactions”; and “New Cases on Bank’s Duty as Fiduciary”, [1989] Journal of Business Law (UK) 409 - 504.

  59. “Developments in Letters of Credit Law”, [1990] Journal of Business Law (UK) 58 - 63.

  60. “Banks and Compound Interest”, [1990] Journal of Business Law (UK) 331 - 335.

  61. “Legal Problems of Modern Commercial Paper”, (1990) 6 Banking and Finance Law Review (Can.) 65 - 81.

  62. “Bank’s Right to Rely on Borrower’s Audited Accounts” [1991] Journal of Business Law (UK) 170 - 175.

  63. “New Cases on Letters of Comfort” [1991] Journal of Business Law (UK) 279 - 283.

  64. “Reflections on Letters of Comfort” [1991] Singapore Journal of Legal Studies 1 - 12.

  65. “Non Transferable Cheques - A Recent Development in Singapore” [1991] 3 Malayan Law Journal xxv-xxix.

  66. “Is there a Need for Non-Transferable Cheques?” (1992) 108 Law Quarterly Review 15 - 19.

  67. “Tracing and Bank’s Position as Constructive Trustee” [1992] Journal of Business Law (UK) 77 - 84

  68. “Consideration for a Bill of Exchange - an Old Issue Reconsidered”, (1992) 3 Singapore Academy of Law Journal 308 - 314.

  69. “Mareva Injunction in Tracing Action” [1992] Journal of Business Law (UK) 416 - 423.

  70. “Unconscionable Contracts : A Comparative Study of the Approaches in England, France, Germany and the United States” (with A H Angelo) (1992) 14 Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Journal 455 - 506 (article is a fully revised and updated version of No. 23 above).

  71. “The Cheques Act 1992” [1993] Journal of Business Law (UK) 270 - 278.

  72. “The Uniform Customs and Practice 1993 [the UCP-500]: a Brief Review of their Salient Points” [1994] Journal of Business Law (UK) 28 - 37.

  73. “The Bank as a Fiduciary and as a Constructive Trustee” (1994) 9 Banking & Finance Law Review (Can.) 111 - 172.

  74. “The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits - the 1993 Revision” [1994] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 377 - 406.

  75. “Negotiation Under Article 10(b) of the UCP 500” [1995] 1 Documentary Credits Insight (published by ICC.), Issue 1, pp. 12 - 13.

  76. “Construction of Provisions of the Banking Act 1987 et al” [1995] Journal of Business Law (UK) 575 - 585.

  77. “The Uniform Rules for Collection” [1996] Journal of Business Law (UK) 382 - 387.

  78. “Duties of the Advising and Issuing Banks under UCP Article 14” [1997] 3 Documentary Credits Insight (published by ICC), Issue 2, pp. 9 - 11.

  79. “Developments in Banking Law” [2000] Journal of Business Law (UK) 618 – 628.

  80. “Silent Confirmations and À Forfait Financing” [2001] Documentary Credit World (May Issue) (published by the Institute of Int. Banking Law and Practice) (N.Y.), pp. 19 – 23.

81 “The Malaysian Exchange Control Measures: Discussion of the Market’s Reaction and the Shenyin Case” [2002] Banking & Finance Law Review (Canada) 18.1 pp. 111 – 128.

  1. “Trust Receipt Financing” [2003] Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation (UK) 305 – 310.

  2. “Assignment of the Proceeds of Letters of Credit” [2004] Annual Survey of Letter of Credit Law and Practice 52 - 57 {originally published in March 2003 issue, pp. 48 – 54).

  3. “The UCP-500: Considering a New Revision” [2004] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 25-40 {re-published in [2006] Annual Survey of Letter of Credit Law and Practice 101 – 113};

  4. “Liability of Bank when Crossed Cheque is Collected Overseas” (2004) 120 Law Quarterly Review 226 – 229;

  5. “Use of Some ICC Guidelines” [2004] Journal of Business Law (UK) 704 – 709;

  6. “Banking Law: Important Recent Cases” [2004] Journal of Business Law (UK) 709 – 711;

  7. “Aspects of Bank Secrecy in Singapore” (2004) 20 Banking & Finance Law Review (Canada) 137 -154;

  8. “Absolute Assignment of a Company’s Book Debts – Is Registration Required?” [2004] Singapore Journal of Legal Studies 547-550;

  9. “Effect of False Certification: Niru Battery Manufacturing Co. v. Milestone Trading Ltd. (2005) 121 Law Quarterly Review 51 – 55;

  10. “Irrevocability of CHAPS Transfer: Tayeb v. HSBC Bank plc. (2005) 121 Law Quarterly Review 48 – 51;

  11. “The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (the UCP) - their Development and the Current Revision” [2007] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 195 – 223, reprinted with permission in [2008] Annual Survey of Letter of Credit Law and Practice 144 – 168};

  12. “Legal Position of Reimbursing Bank” [2007] Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation (UK) {cited as J.I.B.L.R.} 507 – 514.

  13. “The Beneficiary’s Bank in Documentary Credit Transactions” (2008) 124 Law Quarterly Review 299 – 317;

  14. “Fifty Years of Banking Law” (2008) 24 Banking & Finance Law Review (Canada) 378 – 419 (Professorial Lecture delivered at the Faculty of Law, National University of Singapore on October, 2007);

  15. “Expert Evidence in Banking Law” [2008] Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation (UK) {cited as J.I.B.L.R.} [23(11) 557 – 567.

  16. “Banking Law and Practice” (Valedictory Lecture, delivered on 22 May 2013 and published in Singapore Journal of Legal Studies: [2013] SLJS 24 – 44).

  17. “Rejection of Documents Tendered under a Letter of Credit – Fortis Bank v. Indian Overseas Bank” [2013] Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly 1 – 5.

  18. “Banking Law and Practice: Quo Vadis” (2016) 31 Butterworth Journal of International Banking and Financial Law 3 – 5.

  1. “The Crossed Cheque” (1969) 48 The Accountants Journal (New Zealand) 56 - 61.

  2. Regular notes in The New Zealand Banker, 1969 - 1973.

  3. “Cheques Truncation”, Rajah & Tann, Law Lines, Vol. 3 Issue 3, September 2001.

  4. “Aufstieg in die erste Liga – Die Banken des Stadtstaates befinden sich mitten in einer Konsolidierungsphase”, Asia Bridge, November 2001 (with Thomas Weidlich).

  5. “Recent Legal Developments In the Process of Clearing of Cheques”, Rajah & Tann, Law Lines, Vol. 2 Issue 4, December 2000/January 2001.

Reports Relating to Law Reform Projects

  1. “Validation of Cheques after Death”, submitted by the Contracts and Commercial Law Reform Committee to the New Zealand Minister of Justice in 1969 (drafted the report).

  2. “Working Paper on the Reform of the Moneylenders Act 1908”, drafted for circulation by the Contracts and Commercial Law Reform Committee in 1971 (wrote major part of paper).

  3. “Report Concerning a Proposed Revision of the Commercial Laws of the Kingdom of Tonga”, 1973/1974, drafted report.

  4. “Report on the Revision of the Commercial Laws of the South Pacific Island Countries”, submitted to the Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic Cooperation in 1976.

  5. “Report to the Minister of Justice on Credit Contracts”, submitted by the Contracts and Commercial Law Reform Committee in February 1977 (drafted bulk of report).

  6. “Report of the Working Party on Negotiable Instruments”, presented to the Secretary for Justice (New Zealand) in August 1977 (drafted Chapter 10 of report).

  7. “Misrepresentation and Breach of Contract”, submitted by the Contracts and Commercial Law Reform Committee to the New Zealand Minister of Justice in January 1978 (revised version) (participated in some of the sessions concerning the report, held before my departure from New Zealand).

  8. “Submissions on the Cheques Bill”, submitted by the Business Section of the Law Council of Australia to the Attorney-General in 1983.

  9. “Report on the Proposed International Arbitration Centre”, submitted by the Working Party appointed by the Attorney-General in September 1988 (participated in the discussions and commented on the draft Reports prepared by the Chairman).

  10. “Independent Guarantees and Standby Letters of Credit” - Report of the Working Group on International Practices on the drafting of a Uniform Law in point, submitted to the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (“UNCITRAL”) in November 1991 (commented on the Report and on the draft Model Law).

  11. “Comments on the United Nations Convention on Independent Guarantees and Stand-by Letters of Credit” submitted at the request of the Attorney-General of the Republic of Singapore (August 1996).